Ukuze kwandiswe ixesha lokutya, ukongezelela kukutya okuphekiweyo nokutya okomisiweyo ngomoya, uninzi lwazo zisebenzisa ukupheka, ukuvala inzala, ukukhenkceza nokupakisha ngevacuum, yaye ezinye zide zongezele izinto ezilondolozayo.Nangona kunjalo, nangona le ndlela inokwandisa ubomi beshelufu, ukutya kuya kuphulukana lula nencasa yayo yendalo kunye nencasa.Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji yokupakishwa kokutya, ukusebenzisa oomatshini bokupakisha obuguquliweyo kwindawo yokugcina ukutya kunokwandisa kakhulu ubomi beshelufu yokutya, kutshixe izondlo zokutya, kunye nokugcina incasa yendalo.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba umatshini wokupakisha oguquliweyo (umatshini we-MAP) usebenzisa ikakhulu itekhnoloji yogcino lwe-atmospheric elungisiweyo ukuze ithathe indawo yomoya kwipakethe ngokusebenzisa igesi edibeneyo yokukhusela.Ngenxa yeendima ezahlukeneyo ezidlalwe ziigesi ezahlukeneyo ezikhuselayo, zinokunqanda ukukhula kunye nokuveliswa kwakhona kweebhaktheriya ezininzi kunye ne-microorganisms ebangela ukubola kokutya, kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokuphefumla kweemveliso (iziqhamo, imifuno, ukutya kwaselwandle, inyama, njl.), Ukutya kunokugcinwa kukutsha, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswa ubomi beshelufu kunye nempilo yeshelufu yeimveliso.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubomi beshelufu bokutya bandiswa ukusuka kusuku olu-1 ukuya kwiintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-8.
Kule mihla, uluhlu lwezicelo zoomatshini bokupakisha abalungisiweyo baya banda ngakumbi nangakumbi, ukusuka kwiziqhamo, imifuno, inyama, ukuya kwimifuno eyotyiweyo eyahlukeneyo, iipikili, iimveliso zasemanzini, iipastries, izixhobo zamayeza, njl. lokutya.Phakathi kwabo, njengoko abantu benikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kumgangatho wenyama, inyama ebandayo iye yanda yaba yeyona nto isetyenziswayo ekutyeni inyama,ukwandisa isabelo kwiimarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle.Okwangoku, ngokufaka i-atmosphere package kwi-package yenyama ebandayo, ayiqinisekisi kuphela ukutsha kwenyama epholileyo, kodwa iqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwenyama.
Kuyinyani ukuba kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amanqaku aphambili obugcisa ekusetyenzisweni kwepakethe ye-atmosfera elungisiweyo, okokuqala, yigesi.umxube wokuxuba, kwaye okwesibini kukutshintshwa kokuxuba igesi.Ngokutsho kwabasebenzi bezobugcisa, igesi yokugcinwa kwipakethe yokugcinwa kwe-atmosfera elawulwayo iquka i-carbon dioxide, i-oksijini, i-nitrogen kunye nexabiso elincinci leegesi ezikhethekileyo.Iigesi ezitshintshwa zizinto zokutya ezahlukeneyo kunye nomlinganiselo wokuxuba igesi zihlukile.Ngokomzekelo, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno zihlala zithatha indawo yegesi epakishweni ngeoksijini, icarbon dioxide kunye nezinye iigesi.
Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, ugxininiso lweegesi ezixubeneyo ezahlukeneyo kufuneka lube kumlinganiselo othile, ungabi phezulu kakhulu okanye usezantsi kakhulu, kungenjalo akuyi kusilela nje ukugcina ukutsha kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kodwa kunokukukhawulezisa ukonakaliswa kokutya.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-oxygen concentration ratio yi-4% ukuya kwi-6%, kunye ne-carbon dioxide concentration ratio yi-3% ukuya kwi-5%.Ukuba ukuxinwa kokutshintshwa kwe-oksijeni kuphantsi kakhulu, ukuphefumula kwe-anaerobic kuya kwenzeka, kubangele ukuvutshelwa kweziqhamo ze-lychee kunye ne-necrosis yezicubu;ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba i-oxygen concentration iphezulu kwaye i-carbon dioxide iphantsi, i-metabolism yeziqhamo kunye nemifuno iya kuncipha, inciphisa ubomi beshelufu.
Xa kuthelekiswa neziqhamo kunye nemifuno, umatshini wokupakisha oguqulelweyo osetyenziselwa ukutya okuphekiweyo unomlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu wegesi exutyiweyo yokugcinwa ngokutsha.Umzekelo, i-carbon dioxide yi-34% ukuya kwi-36%, i-nitrogen yi-64% ukuya kwi-66%, kwaye izinga lokutshintshwa kwegesi ngu-≥98%.Ngenxa yokuba ukutya okuphekiweyo kunokuzala lula iibhaktheriya kunye ne-microorganisms phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zobushushu kunye nokukhawulezisa ukonakala kunye nokuwohloka, usebenzisa umatshini wokupakisha oguquliweyo ukuze ulungelelanise umlinganiselo weegesi ezixubekileyo, ngakumbi i-oksijeni, unokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umxholo we-oksijini kwaye unciphise izinga lokuzala kweebhaktheriya. (i-anaphylactica).(ngaphandle kwebhaktheriya ye-aerobic), ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa injongo yokugcina ukutsha kweemveliso zokutya okuphekiweyo.
Ukongeza, xa abasebenzisi benza ukuxuba igesi kunye nokutshintshwa, kufuneka bazalise kwaye batshintshe ngokwezithako ezahlukeneyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimveliso zeziqhamo kunye nemifuno zizaliswe ubukhulu becala nge-modified atmosphere yokupakisha iigesi zokugcinwa kwe-O2, CO2 kunye ne-N2;Iigesi zokugcinwa kweemveliso zokutya okuphekiweyo ngokubanzi ziqulunqwe yi-CO2, i-N2 kunye nezinyeiigesi;ngelixa ukuwohloka kwempahla ebhakiweyo ikakhulu kukungunda, kwaye ukugcinwa kufuna ukunciphisa ioksijini, ukuthintela ukubola kunye nokugcina incasa., igesi yolondolozo yenziwe yi-CO2 kunye ne-N2;kwinyama entsha, igesi epakishweyo ye-atmosphere yenziwe yi-CO2, i-O2 kunye nezinye iigesi.
Nangona kunjalo, kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba nangona umatshini wokupakisha olungisiweyo unokwandisa ubomi besikhongozeli kunye nobomi beshelufa bezithako, indawo yokugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo iya kuchaphazela ubomi babo beshelufu.Ubomi beshelufu yokupakishwa kwe-atmosified modified imiselwe ngokusekelwe kwiindidi kunye nokutsha kwezithako, ezifana ne-strawberries, i-lychees, i-cherry, amakhowa, imifuno enamagqabi, njl. ku-0-4℃ ziintsuku eziyi-10-30.
Kwiimveliso zokutya okuphekiweyo, emva kokupakishwa kwe-atmosphere elungisiweyo, ubomi babo beshelufu bungaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-5-10 ngaphantsi kwe-20℃.Ukuba ubushushu bangaphandle buba sezantsi, ubomi beshelufu buyientsuku ezingama-30-60 ku-0-4℃.Ukuba umsebenzisi usebenzisa ifilimu yesithintelo esiphezulu kwaye emva koko usebenzisa inkqubo ye-pasteurization (malunga ne-80 ° C), ubomi beshelufu buya kuba ngaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-60-90 kwindawo yokushisa.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukupakishwa kwe-atmosphere elungisiweyo kusetyenziswe kunye neteknoloji yokugcinwa kwezinto eziphilayo, iziphumo ezingcono zokulondoloza zinokufumaneka, kwaye ixesha leshelufu lezithako linokuba lide.
Ngokubanzi, itekhnoloji yokupakisha elungisiweyo ye-atmosphere isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ukugcina ubutsha beentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya, ukwandisa ubomi beshelufu yokutya, kunye nokunyusa ixabiso elongezelelweyo lokutya.Inamandla amakhulu emarike kwixesha elizayo.Nangona kunjalo, abasebenzisi kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo amanqaku amabini abalulekileyo xa besebenzisa oomatshini bokupakisha obulungisiweyo.Kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo wokuxutywa kweegesi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ugcwalise igesi yokupakisha i-atmosphere ehambelanayo ehambelanayo ngokwezithako ezahlukeneyo, kwaye wenze ukuxubana kwegesi kunye nokutshintshwa, ukuze kwandiswe ngcono ubomi beshelufu kunye nexesha lokutsha lezithako ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-23-2023
